Summary
		Introduction
		Historical Issues and Reactor Types
		Reducing Risks
		Key Accomplishments
		Performace Measurement and Future Directions
		Timeline (1986-1999)
		Contacts

The U.S. Department of Energy manages a comprehensive collaborative effort to improve nuclear safety at Soviet-designed nuclear power plants in nine partnering countries. In addition to these nine host countries, the G-7 nations and many international organizations collaborate on this effort.

Improve Safety and Reduce Risks By

• improving physical operating conditions
• installing safety equipment
• developing improved safety procedures
• establishing regional centers for training reactor personnel
• installing simulators for training control room operators
• conducting in-depth safety assessments
• developing institutional and regulatory frameworks
• addressing the extraordinary problems at Chornobyl.

Benefits

• Reduces the likelihood of a nuclear accident.
• Protects Europe's public, economic and environmental health and the health of U.S. citizens in Europe.
• Promotes a stable climate for international investments in countries with Soviet-designed reactors.

Host Countries and Nuclear Power Plants Armenia -- Armenia plant, one VVER-440/230 reactor Bulgaria -- Kozloduy plant, four VVER-440/230, two VVER-1000 reactors Czech Republic -- Dukovany plant, four VVER-440/213 reactors Hungary -- Paks plant, four VVER-440/213 reactors Kazakhstan -- Aktau plant, one BN-350 reactor Lithuania -- Ignalina plant, two RMBK-1500 reactors Russia -- Balakovo, Bilibino, Beloyarsk, Kalinin, Kola, Kursk, Leningrad, Novovoronezh, and Smolensk plants seven VVER-1000 reactors one BN-600 reactor four LWGR-12 reactors four VVER-440/230 reactors two VVER-440/213 reactors eleven RBMK-1000 reactors Slovakia -- Bohunice plant, two VVER-440/230, two VVER-440/213 reactors Ukraine -- Chornobyl, Khmelnytskyy, Rivne, South Ukraine, and Zaporizhzhya plants eleven VVER-1000 reactors two VVER-440-213 reactors one RBMK-1000 reactor Reactor Types RBMK: boiling-water, graphite-moderated reactor VVER: pressurized light-water reactor BN: sodium-cooled breeder reactor LWGR: light-water-cooled, graphite-moderated reactor

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